Isla del Coco Fishes
Isla del Coco National Park
Species List
Fishes
Lavenberg-Bussing species list (March 2000)
Updated March 2005
*indicates species endemic to Isla del Coco
SUPERCLASS PISCES
CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES
SUBCLASS ELASMOBRANCHII
ORDER ORECTOLOBIFORMES
Rhincodontidae — Whale shark
Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 (photos & video, Garrison)
ORDER CARCHARHINIFORMES
Carcharhinidae — Requiem sharks
Carcharhinus albimarginatus (Rüppell, 1837)
Carcharhinus falciformis (Müller & Henle, 1839) (photos, Garrison)
Carcharhinus galapagensis (Snodgrass & Heller, 1905)
Carcharhinus limbatus (Müller & Henle, 1839)
Rhizoprionodon longurio (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Triaenodon obesus (Rüppell, 1837)
Sphyrnidae — Hammerhead sharks
Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834) (photos & video, Garrison)
ORDER RAJIFORMES
Rhinobatidae — Guitarfishes
Rhinobatos planiceps Garman, 1880
ORDER MYLIOBATIFORMES
Dasyatidae — Whiptail stingrays
Taeniura meyeni Müller & Henle, 1841
Myliobatidae — Eagle rays
Aetobatus narinari (Euphrasen, 1790) (photos & video, Garrison)
Mobulidae — Mantas, devil rays and mobulas
Manta birostris (Walbaum, 1792) (photos, Garrison)
Mobula munkiana Notarbartolo-di-Sciara, 1987 (sight record, unknown)
Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1893) (photos, Garrison)
CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII
ORDER ANGUILLIFORMES
Muraenidae — Morays
Anarchias galapagensis (Seale, 1940)
Echidna nebulosa (Ahl, 1789)
Echidna nocturna (Cope, 1872)
Enchelycore octaviana (Myers & Wade, 1941)
Gymnomuraena zebra (Shaw in: Shaw & Nodder, 1797)
Gymnothorax buroensis (Bleeker, 1857)
Gymnothorax castaneus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1883) (photos)
Gymnothorax dovii (Günther, 1870)
Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gymnothorax javanicus (Bleeker, 1859) (Masuda et al. 1984; photos, Arroyo & Robertson)
Gymnothorax meleagris (Shaw in: Shaw & Nodder, 1795) (Masuda et al. 1984; photos, Arroyo & Howard)
Gymnothorax panamensis (Steindachner, 1876)
Gymnothorax pictus (Ahl, 1789)
Muraena argus (Steindachner, 1870) (photo, Garrison)
Muraena lentiginosa Jenyns, 1842
Scuticaria tigrina (Lesson, 1828) (photo, Garrison; video, Arroyo)
Uropterygius macrocephalus (Bleeker, 1865)
Uropterygius versutus Bussing, 1991
Congridae — Conger and garden eels
Ariosoma gilberti (Ogilby, 1898)
Heteroconger klausewitzi (Eibl-Eibesfeldt & Köster, 1983)
Ophichthidae — Snake eels
*Bascanichthys bascanoides Osburn & Nichols, 1916
Callechelys eristigma McCosker & Rosenblatt, 1972
*Gordichthys new species Lavenberg, ms
Herpetoichthys fossatus (Myers & Wade, 1941)
Ichthyapus selachops (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Myrichthys aspetocheiros McCosker & Rosenblatt, 1993
Myrichthys tigrinus Girard, 1859 (photo, Garrison)
Ophichthus rugifer Jordan & Bollman, 1890
Paraletharchus pacificus (Osburn & Nichols, 1916)
Quassiremus evionthas (Jordan & Bollman, 1890) (photos, Garrison)
Scytalichthys miurus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
ORDER GONORYNCHIFORMES
Chanidae — Milkfishes
Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775)
ORDER AULOPIFORMES
Aulopidae — Flagfins
Aulopus bajacali Parin & Kotlyar, 1984
Chlorophthalmidae — Greeneyes
Chlorophthalmus mento Garman, 1899
Synodontidae — Lizardfishes
Synodus lacertinus Gilbert, 1890
ORDER OPHIDIIFORMES
Ophidiidae - Cusk-eels
Otophidium indefatigabile Jordan & Bollman, 1890
Petrotyx hopkinsi Heller & Snodgrass, 1903
Carapidae - Pearlfishes
Echiodon exsilium Rosenblatt, 1961
Encheliophis vermicularis Müller, 1842
Bythitidae - Viviparous brotulas
*Ogilbia new species (Lavenberg, ms)
ORDER GADIFORMES
Merlucciidae — Hakes
Merluccius gayi (Guichenot in: Gay, 1848)
ORDER LOPHIIFORMES
Lophiidae — Goosefishes
Lophiodes caulinaris (Garman, 1899) (as L. setigerus)
Antennariidae — Frogfishes
Antennarius coccineus (Lesson, 1831)
Antennarius commersoni (Latreille, 1804) (photos, Garrison)
Antennarius sanguineus Gill, 1863
Antennarius strigatus (Gill, 1863)
Ogcocephalidae — Batfishes
*Ogcocephalus porrectus Garman, 1899
Zalieutes elater (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
ORDER MUGILIFORMES
Mugilidae - Mullets
Agonostomus monticola (Bancroft, 1834)
Chaenomugil proboscideus (Günther, 1861)
Mugil curema Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1836 (sight record, Garrison)
ORDER ATHERINIFORMES
Atherinopsidae - New World silversides
Atherinella eriarcha Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
Melanorhinus cyanellus (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923)
ORDER BELONIFORMES
Exocoetidae — Flyingfishes
Exocoetus monocirrhus Richardson, 1846
Exocoetus volitans Linnaeus, 1758
Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes, 1847)
Oxyporhamphus m. micropterus (Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1847)
Hemiramphidae — Halfbeaks
Euleptorhamphus viridis (Van Hasselt, 1823)
Hyporhamphus rosae (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880)
Belonidae — Needlefishes
Platybelone argalus pterura (Osburn & Nichols, 1916)
Strongylura exilis (Girard, 1854)
Tylosurus acus melanotus (Bleeker, 1851)
Tylosurus crocodilus fodiator Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
ORDER BERYCIFORMES
Holocentridae — Soldierfishes and squirrelfishes
Myripristis berndti Jordan & Evermann, 1903
Myripristis leiognathus Valenciennes, 1846
Plectrypops lima (Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831)
Sargocentron suborbitalis (Gill, 1863)
ORDER GASTEROSTEIFORMES
Aulostomidae - Trumpetfishes
Aulostomus chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)
Fistulariidae - Cornetfishes
Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1838
Syngnathidae - Pipefishes and seahorses
Bryx veleronis Herald, 1940
Doryrhamphus excisus excisus Kaup, 1856
Hippocampus ingens Girard, 1858
ORDER SCORPAENIFORMES
Scorpaenidae — Scorpionfishes
Pontinus clemensi Fitch, 1955
Pontinus strigatus Heller & Snodgrass, 1903
Scorpaena afuerae Hildebrand, 1946
*Scorpaena cocosensis Motomura, 2004
Scorpaena histrio Jenyns, 1840
Scorpaena mystes Jordan & Starks in: Jordan, 1895
Scorpaena russula Jordan & Bollman, 1890
Scorpaenodes xyris (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Triglidae — Searobins
Bellator loxias Jordan, in: Gilbert, 1897
*Prionotus new species Lavenberg, ms
Peristediidae — Armored searobins
*Peristedion new species Lavenberg, ms
ORDER PERCIFORMES
Serranidae — Groupers and sea basses
Alphestes immaculatus Breder, 1936 (sight record and photos, Garrison)
Cephalopholis panamensis (Steindachner, 1877)
Dermatolepis dermatolepis (Boulenger, 1895)
Epinephelus cifuentesi Lavenberg & Grove in: Heemstra & Randall, 1993
Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) (photo, Garrison)
Epinephelus labriformis (Jenyns, 1840)
Mycteroperca olfax (Jenyns, 1840)
Paranthias colonus (Valenciennes, 1846)
Pronotogrammus eos Gilbert, 1890
Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill, 1863
Pseudogramma thaumasium (Gilbert in: Jordan & Evermann, 1900)
Rypticus bicolor Valenciennes, 1846
Serranus aequidens Gilbert, 1890
*Serranus tico Meisler & Lavenberg, in Allen & Robertson, 1998
Kuhliidae — Flagtails
Kuhlia mugil (Forster in: Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Priacanthidae — Bigeyes
Cookeolus japonicus (Cuvier in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) (photo, Garrison)
Heteropriacanthus cruentatus (Lacépède, 1801)
Pristigenys serrula (Gilbert, 1891) (video, Garrison)
Apogonidae — Cardinalfishes
Apogon atradorsatus Heller & Snodgrass, 1903
Apogon dovii Günther, 1861
Malacanthidae — Tilefishes
Caulolatilus affinis Gill, 1865
Caulolatilus hubbsi Dooley, 1978
Malacanthus brevirostris Guichenot, 1848
Echeneidae — Suckerfishes, remoras
Remorina albescens (Temminck & Schegel, 1850)
Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839)
Remora osteochir (Cuvier, 1829)
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758)
Carangidae — Jacks and pompanos
Alectis ciliaris (Bloch, 1787)
Caranx caballus Günther, 1868
Caranx caninus Günther, 1867 (video, Garrison)
Caranx lugubris Poey, 1860 (photos, Garrison)
Caranx melampygus Cuvier in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833
Caranx orthogrammus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) (video, Garrison)
Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 (photos, Garrison)
Decapterus macarellus (Cuvier in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833) (photo, Garrison)
Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775) (sight records, Garrison)
Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758)
Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793)
Seriola rivoliana Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833 (photo, Garrison)
Trachinotus rhodopus Gill, 1863 (video, Garrison)
Trachinotus stilbe (Jordan & McGregor, 1899)
Uraspis helvola (Forster, 1801) (photos & video, Garrison)
Coryphaenidae — Dolphinfishes
Coryphaena equiselis Linnaeus, 1758
Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758
Lutjanidae — Snappers
Aphareus furca (Lacépède, 1801)
Lutjanus aratus (Günther, 1864) (photos)
Lutjanus argentiventris (Peters, 1869)
Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869) (photo, sight record, Garrison)
Lutjanus inermis (Peters, 1869)
Lutjanus jordani (Gilbert in: Jordan & Evermann, 1898)
Lutjanus novemfasciatus Gill, 1862 (photos & video, Garrison)
Lutjanus viridis (Valenciennes, 1846)
Gerreidae — Mojarras
Eucinostomus currani Zahuranec in: Yáñez-Arancibia, 1980
Haemulidae — Grunts
Anisotremus caesius (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Anisotremus interruptus (Gill, 1862)
Anisotremus taeniatus Gill, 1861 (sight record, Garrison)
Sciaenidae — Drums
Umbrina xanti Gill, 1862
Mullidae — Goatfishes
Mulloidichthys dentatus (Gill, 1862)
Kyphosidae — Sea chubs
Kyphosus elegans (Peters, 1869)
Sectator ocyurus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Chaetodontidae — Butterflyfishes
Chaetodon humeralis Günther, 1860
Chaetodon lunula (Lacépède, 1803) (photos)
Johnrandallia nigrirostris (Gill, 1862)
Prognathodes falcifer (Hubbs & Rechnitzer, 1958)
Pomacanthidae — Angelfishes
Holacanthus passer Valenciennes, 1846
Pomacanthus zonipectus (Gill, 1862)
Pomacentridae — Damselfishes
Abudefduf concolor (Gill, 1862)
Abudefduf troschelii (Gill, 1862)
Chromis alta Greenfield & Woods, 1980 (sight record, Lavenberg)
Chromis atrilobata Gill, 1862
Microspathodon bairdii (Gill, 1862)
Microspathodon dorsalis (Gill, 1862)
Stegastes acapulcoensis (Fowler, 1944)
Stegastes arcifrons (Heller & Snodgrass, 1903)
Stegastes flavilatus (Gill, 1862)
Stegastes beebei (Nichols, 1924)
Cirrhitidae — Hawkfishes
Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Bleeker, 1855)
Cirrhitus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1846)
Sphyraenidae — Barracudas
Sphyraena idiastes Heller & Snodgrass, 1903 (photos, Garrison)
Polynemidae — Threadfins
Polydactylus approximans (Lay & Bennett, 1839)
Labridae — Wrasses
Bodianus diplotaenia (Gill, 1862)
Decodon melasma Gomon, 1974
Halichoeres adustus (Gilbert, 1890)
*Halichoeres discolor Bussing, 1983
Halichoeres dispilus (Günther, 1864)
Halichoeres nicholsi (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
*Halichoeres salmofasciatus Allen & Robertson, 2002
Halichoeres sp. (collected, Bussing)
Iniistius pavo (Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) (sight record, Lavenberg, Bussing; photo, Garrison)
Novaculichthys taeniourus (Lacépède, 1801)
Polylepion cruentum Gomon, 1977
Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851)
Thalassoma grammaticum Gilbert, 1890
Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill, 1862)
Thalassoma virens Gilbert, 1890 (sight record, Bussing, Robertson)
Xyrichtys victori Wellington, 1992
Scaridae — Parrotfishes
Scarus compressus (Osburn & Nichols, 1916) (photo, Garrison)
Scarus rubroviolaceus Bleeker, 1847
Opistognathidae — Jawfishes
Opistognathus panamaensis Allen & Robertson, 1991
Tripterygiidae — Triplefins
*Axoclinus cocoensis Bussing, 1991
Chaenopsidae — Tube blennies
*Acanthemblemaria atrata Hastings & Robertson, 1999
*Chaenopsis new species (Lavenberg, ms)
Coralliozetus boehlkei Stephens, 1963
Coralliozetus springeri Stephens & Johnson in: Stephens, Hobson & Johnson, 1966
Emblemaria nivipes Jordan & Gilbert, 1883
Dactyloscopidae — Sand stargazers
Dactyloscopus pectoralis fallax Dawson, 1975
*Gillellus chathamensis Dawson, 1977
Labrisomidae — Labrisomid blennies
Paraclinus mexicanus (Gilbert, 1904)
Starksia sp.
Blenniidae — Combtooth blennies
Entomacrodus chiostictus (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Hypsoblennius brevipinnis (Günther, 1861)
Ophioblennius steindachneri Jordan & Evermann, 1898
Plagiotremus azaleus (Jordan & Bollman, 1890)
Gobiesocidae - Clingfishes
Arcos rhodospilus (Günther, 1864)
Gobiesox adustus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
*Gobiesox fulvus Meek, 1907
*Gobiesox woodsi (Schultz, 1944)
*Tomicodon vermiculatus Briggs, 1955
Callionymidae — Dragonets
Synchiropus atrilabiatus (Garman, 1899)
Eleotridae — Sleepers
Eleotris picta Kner, 1863
*Eleotris tubularis Heller & Snodgrass, 1903
Gobiidae — Gobies
Bathygobius ramosus longipinnis Ginsburg, 1947
*Chriolepis atrimelum, Bussing, 1997
*Chriolepis dialepta Bussing, 1990
Coryphopterus urospilus Ginsburg, 1938 (sight record, C. Swift)
*Elacatinus nesiotes Bussing, 1990
Gobulus hancocki Ginsburg, 1938
*Lythrypnus alphigena Bussing, 1990
*Lythrypnus cobalus Bussing, 1990
*Lythrypnus lavenbergi Bussing, 1990
Lythrypnus rhizophora (Heller & Snodgrass, 1903)
*Sicydium cocoensis (Heller & Snodgrass, 1903)
Microdesmidae — Wormfishes
Clarkichthys bilineatus (Clarke, 1936)
Acanthuridae — Surgeonfishes
Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus, 1758)
Acanthurus triostegus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Acanthurus xanthopterus Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835
Ctenochaetus marginatus (Valenciennes in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835)
Prionurus laticlavius (Valenciennes, 1846)
Zanclidae — Moorish idol
Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Scombridae — Mackerels and tunas
Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier in: Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1832)
Auxis sp.
Euthynnus lineatus Kishinouye, 1920
Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sarda orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (photo & video, Garrison)
Scomberomorus sierra Jordan & Starks in: Jordan, 1895
Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788 )
Istiophoridae — Billfishes
Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw in: Shaw & Nodder, 1792) (photo, Garrison)
Makaira mazara (Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Tetrapturus audax (Philippi, 1887)
ORDER PLEURONECTIFORMES
Bothidae — Lefteye flounders
Bothus leopardinus (Günther, 1862)
Bothus mancus (Broussonet, 1782)
Paralichthyidae — Sand flounders
Hippoglossina bollmani Gilbert, 1890
Syacium latifrons (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
*Syacium maculiferum (Garman, 1899)
Soleidae — Soles
Aseraggodes herrei Seale, 1940
Cynoglossidae — Tonguefishes
Symphurus varius Garman, 1899
ORDER TETRAODONTIFORMES
Balistidae — Triggerfishes
Balistes polylepis Steindachner, 1876
Canthidermis maculatus (Bloch, 1786)
Melichthys niger (Bloch, 1786)
Melichthys vidua (Richardson, 1845)
Pseudobalistes naufragium (Jordan & Starks in: Jordan 1895) (sight record, Garrison)
Sufflamen verres (Gilbert & Starks, 1904)
Xanthichthys caeruleolineatus Randall, Matsuura & Zama, 1978 (photos & video)
Xanthichthys mento (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
Monacanthidae — Filefishes
Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758) (photos, Garrison)
Aluterus scriptus (Osbeck, 1765)
Cantherhines dumerilii (Hollard, 1854)
Ostraciidae — Boxfishes
Ostracion meleagris Shaw in: Shaw & Nodder, 1796
Tetraodontidae — Puffers
Arothron hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Arothron meleagris (Lacépède, 1798)
Canthigaster punctatissima (Günther, 1870)
Sphoeroides angusticeps (Jenyns, 1842) (video, Arroyo)
Sphoeroides lobatus (Steindachner, 1870)
Diodontidae — Porcupinefishes
Chilomycterus reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (photos & video, Garrison; photos, Arroyo & Robertson)
Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus, 1758
Diodon hystrix Linnaeus, 1758
|
U. S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey