Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: James G. Flocks Publication_Date: 20171121 Title: Bathymetric change map of the nearshore around Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois islands, Mississippi: 1916-1920 to 2008-2009 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7028QFV Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7028QFV Description: Abstract: To characterize coastal change, historical maps and complementary records were compiled including: topographic sheets (T-sheets), hydrographic sheets (H-sheets, smooth sheets), shorelines, and bathymetric soundings surrounding the Mississippi (MS) barrier islands over several time periods (1916-1920, 2008-2009 and 2016). One goal of this work was to create a time-series of bathymetric change maps around the islands. Data sets include 1916 through 1920 soundings collected by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey as downloaded H-sheets and some digitized soundings from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 2008 to 2009 soundings collected by the United States Geological Survey St. Petersburg and Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Centers (USGS SPCMSC and WHCMSC, respectively), and 2016 soundings collected by the USGS SPCMSC in the nearshore environment of Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois Islands. This USGS data release includes three interpolated bathymetric change maps created by comparing the 1916 to 1920, 2008 to 2009, and 2016 bathymetry data; however, this metadata file pertains to the bathymetric change digital elevation model (DEM) observed between the 1916-1920 and 2008-2009 bathymetry (2008to2009minus1916to1920_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif). This work was completed in cooperation with the United States Army Corps of Engineers (Mobile, Alabama) and the National Park Service as part of the Mississippi Coastal Improvements Program (MsCIP). Purpose: The purpose of this effort was to create bathymetric grids and bathymetric change maps around the MS barrier islands to broadly characterize subaqueous morphologic change both spatially and temporally. Supplemental_Information: Elevation XYZ data used to create the 1916 to 1920 and 2008 to 2009 DEM are included in this USGS data release. The 1916 to 2009 elevation (z) values were adjusted to account for sea-level rise, using the NOAA tide gauge at Pensacola, FL. Within ArcGIS 10.4.1, XYZ soundings for 1916-1920 and 2008-2009 were used to create Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) surfaces, individual TIN surfaces were later utilized to create a time-series of 50-m bathymetric rasters. A common snap raster was used to create these DEMs to maximize accuracy of subsequent bathymetric change map calculation. Bathymetric change maps were created using the 'Raster Calculator' and subtracting the one DEM from another. All spatial files provided in this data release are referenced to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) North American Datum (NAD83) horizontal datum and North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) GEOID12B. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1916 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1920 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2008 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.001807 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.320014 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.269508 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.175643 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: geophysics Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Theme_Keyword: ocean characteristics Theme_Keyword: ocean processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: soundings Theme_Keyword: hydrography Theme_Keyword: geophysical Theme_Keyword: seafloor mapping Theme_Keyword: historical Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: SPCMSC Theme_Keyword: coastal location Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Ship Island Place_Keyword: Horn Island Place_Keyword: Petit Bois Island Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island Place_Keyword: Mississippi Sound Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Oregon Geospatial Enterprise Office (GEO) Stratum_Keyword: sea surface Stratum_Keyword: epipelagic Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 1916-1920 Temporal_Keyword: 2008-2009 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Robert A. Morton Publication_Date: 20110404 Title: Historical Bathymetry and Bathymetric Change in the Mississippi-Alabama Coastal Region, 1847-2009 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 3154 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3154/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Originator: Mark E. Hansen Originator: B.J. Reynolds Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Dana S. Wiese Originator: Charles R. Worley Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Archive of single beam and swath bathymetry data collected nearshore of the Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi, from West Ship Island, Mississippi, to Dauphin Island, Alabama: Methods and data report for USGS Cruises 08CCT01 and 08CCT02, July 2008, and 09CCT03 and 09CCT04, June 2009 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 675 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Originator: Chelsea A. Stalk Originator: Jake J. Fredericks Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Andrew S. Farmer Originator: Thomas M. Tuten Originator: Noreen A. Buster Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Coastal bathymetry data collected in 2016 nearshore from West Ship Island to Horn Island, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: DR F7B8571Q Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7B8571Q Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn M. Weber Originator: Jeffrey H. List Originator: Karen L.M. Morgan Publication_Date: 2005 Title: An Operational Mean High Water Datum for Determination of Shoreline Position from Topographic Lidar Data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2005-1027 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1027/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of this bathymetric change DEM is entirely dependent upon the accuracy of the two DEM surfaces (1916-1920 and 2016) used to calculate the elevation change it represents. DEM surfaces were created using a common snap raster to ensure direct pixel value comparison in quantifying bathymetric change. The accuracy of the 1916-1920 DEM is directly linked to the accuracy of the XYZ point data on which it is based (Buster and Morton, 2011). These datasets were from multiple research cruises spanning over 4 years (1916-1920) and were collected following variable methodologies; therefore, they are not internally consistent. The accuracy of the 2008-2009 DEM is directly linked to the accuracy of the XYZ point data on which it is based (Dewitt and others, 2017). As reported (Dewitt and others, 2017) a GPS base station, spaced approximately 15 km from the survey area, collected continuous data for GPS post-processing corrections. All static base station sessions were run through the On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) and resulting corrections produced +/-3.3 cm or less accuracy in the vertical component. Additionally, vertical datums associated with XYZ data have been recalculated (using VDatum and a NOAA tide gauge at Pensacola, FL) to allow for time series comparisons and this process introduces uncertainties into the data. Uncertainties are also introduced in interpolating DEM surfaces within Esri ArcGIS. The DEMs have not been independently verified for accuracy. For full accuracy and error information please see Buster and Morton, (2011), Dewitt and others (2012 and 2017), and metadata associated with each bathymetric DEM within this data release. Logical_Consistency_Report: This dataset includes the post-processed bathymetric data (XYZ) presented as an interpolated DEM representing bathymetric change occurring between 1916-1920 and 2008-2009. The source data for the DEM was collected during multiple bathymetry surveys from 1916-1920 and 2008-2009 near Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois islands in Mississippi. All spatial files provided in this data release are referenced in NAD83 UTM 16N (meters) and NAVD88 GEOID12B. Completeness_Report: A portion of the source data (1916-1920) is historical and; therefore, not complete in its coverage. The source data was used to create DEM surfaces that best represent the historical soundings and were used to calculate bathymetric change, all while using best practice methods to keep the data as accurate as possible. See above accuracy report information for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy of this bathymetric change map is entirely linked to the accuracy of the DEMs used to create it, 1916-1920 and 2008-2009. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted for the 1916-1920 XYZ data; however, Buster and Morton (2011) estimate horizontal accuracy values less than 20 and 29 meters for the historic T-sheets and H-sheets that were used to create the original 1916-1920 XYZ bathymetric dataset. Dewitt and others (2012) report a horizontal accuracy value of +/- 10 to 13 cm for the orginal 2008-2009 bathymetric dataset used to create the 2008-2009 DEM. Additional sources of error include 1) vertical datum conversion using NOAA's Vdatum software and, 2) creation of a triangulated Irregular TIN and interpolation of the DEM raster, with 50-m cell size and using nearest neighbor interpolation, within ArcGIS (version 10.4.1). Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The vertical accuracy of this bathymetric change map is entirely linked to the accuracy of the 1916-1920 and 2008-2009 DEMs (1916_1920_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif and 2008_2009_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif). Likely due to the age of the 1916-1920 dataset and variable survey collection methods, no formal vertical accuracy tests were conducted in association with the original publication of the 1916-1920 bathymetric dataset (Buster and Morton, 2011). Dewitt and others (2012) report a vertical accuracy value of +/- 3.3 centimeters for the 20108-2009 XYZ bathymetric dataset used to create the 2008-2009 DEM. Subsequent data processing steps, specifically converting vertical datum of the XYZ data and interpolating DEM surfaces within Esri ArcGIS, introduce additional sources of uncertainty, that have not been fully assessed. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Using Esri ArcGIS (version 10.4.1), elevation pixel values from the 1916-1920 bathymetry DEM (1916_1920_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif) were subtracted from co-located elevation pixel values of the 2008-2009 bathymetry DEM (2008_2009_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif) using the 'Raster Calculator' tool. The resulting bathymetric change DEM was saved as a TIFF raster file (.tif) and associated TIFF worldfile (.tfw). Process_Date: 201707 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 189 Column_Count: 1310 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 50 Ordinate_Resolution: 50 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum 1988 GEOID12B Altitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Resource_Description: 2008to2009minus1916to1920_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Transfer_Size: 1.41 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7028QFV/data/2008to2009minus1916to1920_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20171121 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: none Metadata_Security_Classification: unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: none