Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: James G. Flocks Publication_Date: 20171121 Title: Interpolated digital elevation model (DEM) of the nearshore around Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois Islands, Mississippi: 2016 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7028QFV Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7028QFV Description: Abstract: To characterize coastal change, historical maps and complementary records were compiled including: topographic sheets (T-sheets), hydrographic sheets (H-sheets, smooth sheets), shorelines, and bathymetric soundings surrounding the Mississippi (MS) barrier islands over several time periods (1916-1920, 2008-2009 and 2016). One goal of this work was to create a time-series of bathymetric change maps around the islands. Datasets include 1916 through 1920 soundings collected by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey as downloaded H-sheets and some digitized soundings from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), 2008 to 2009 soundings collected by the United States Geological Survey St. Petersburg and Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC and WHCMSC, respectively), and 2016 soundings collected by the USGS SPCMSC in the nearshore environment of Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois Islands. This USGS data release includes three digital elevation models (DEMs) for 1916 to 1920, 2008 to 2009, and 2016; however, this metadata file pertains to the 2016 DEM (2016_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif). This work was completed in cooperation with the United States Army Corps of Engineers (Mobile, Alabama) and the National Park Service as part of the Mississippi Coastal Improvements Program (MsCIP). Purpose: The purpose of this effort was to create bathymetric grids and bathymetric change maps around the MS barrier islands to broadly characterize subaqueous morphologic change both spatially and temporally. Supplemental_Information: Elevation XYZ data used to create the 1916 to 1920 and 2008 to 2009 DEMs are included in this USGS data release; 2016 XYZ data can be downloaded from DeWitt and others, 2017. The 1916 to 2009 elevation (z) values were adjusted to account for sea-level rise, using the NOAA tide gauge at Pensacola, FL. For further information on XYZ processing, refer to the accompanying elevation point metadata and Dewitt and others (2017). Within ArcGIS 10.4.1, XYZ soundings for 1916-1920, 2008-2009, and 2016 were used to create Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) surfaces, individual TIN surfaces were later utilized to create a time-series of 50-m bathymetric rasters. All spatial files provided in this data release are referenced to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) North American Datum (NAD83) horizontal datum and North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) GEOID12B. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20160713 Ending_Date: 20160719 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.003338 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.499847 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.266217 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.187794 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: geophysics Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: digital elevation models Theme_Keyword: ocean characteristics Theme_Keyword: ocean processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: soundings Theme_Keyword: hydrography Theme_Keyword: geophysical Theme_Keyword: seafloor mapping Theme_Keyword: historical Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: SPCMSC Theme_Keyword: coastal location Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Mississippi Place_Keyword: Alabama Place_Keyword: Ship Island Place_Keyword: Horn Island Place_Keyword: Petit Bois Island Place_Keyword: Dauphin Island Place_Keyword: Mississippi Sound Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Oregon Geospatial Enterprise Office (GEO) Stratum Keyword Stratum_Keyword: sea surface Stratum_Keyword: epipelagic Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2016 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Robert A. Morton Publication_Date: 20110404 Title: Historical Bathymetry and Bathymetric Change in the Mississippi-Alabama Coastal Region, 1847-2009 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: SIM 3154 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3154/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton Originator: Mark E. Hansen Originator: B.J. Reynolds Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Dana S. Wiese Originator: Charles R. Worley Publication_Date: 2012 Title: Archive of single beam and swath bathymetry data collected nearshore of the Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi, from West Ship Island, Mississippi, to Dauphin Island, Alabama: Methods and data report for USGS Cruises 08CCT01 and 08CCT02, July 2008, and 09CCT03 and 09CCT04, June 2009 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 675 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/675/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Originator: Chelsea A. Stalk Originator: Jake J. Fredericks Originator: James G. Flocks Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Andrew S. Farmer Originator: Thomas M. Tuten Originator: Noreen A. Buster Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Coastal bathymetry data collected in 2016 nearshore from West Ship Island to Horn Island, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7B8571Q Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7B8571Q Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kathryn M. Weber Originator: Jeffrey H. List Originator: Karen L.M. Morgan Publication_Date: 2005 Title: An Operational Mean High Water Datum for Determination of Shoreline Position from Topographic Lidar Data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2005-1027 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1027/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Kristi K. Guy Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Barrier Island Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OFR 2015-1179 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1179/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The accuracy of the data was determined during data collection. These datasets are from individual research cruises and are therefore internally consistent. Methods were employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard the platform. During mobilization, each piece of equipment was isolated to obtain internal and external offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All the critical measurements were recorded manually and digitally entered into their respective programs. For the interferometric swath bathymetry, (USGS FAN 2016-347-FA, SubFAN 16BIM04), offsets between the sonar head and the DGPS antennas were measured and entered into the CodaOctopus F190R+ internal setup program. The DGPS correction was obtained from Marinestar High-precision (HP) differential global navigation satellite system, a satellite positioning service, from Fugro, Incorporated. This signal was received through the Coda Octopus F190R+ primary GPS antenna. These bathymetric data have not been independently verified for accuracy. The DGPS [default settings] collected coordinate data referenced to the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) (G1762), which is equivalent at the centimeter level to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2008 (ITRF08). For the single beam survey (USGS FAN 2016-347-FA, SubFANs 16BIM05 and 16BIM06), offsets between the single beam transducers, the Ashtech antenna reference point (ARP), and the vessel motion units were measured on the roving vessels. All pertinent measurements were accounted for in the DGPS post processing software packages (National Geodetic Survey On-Line Positioning User Service, OPUS, and Waypoint Product Group GrafNav, version 8.6). Logical_Consistency_Report: This DEM file represents the post-processed bathymetric data collected during USGS FAN 2016-347FA in the nearshore waters surrounding Ship and Horn Islands, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi (GUIS). Refer to Dewitt and others (2017) for field logs, vessel platform descriptions, and other survey information. Completeness_Report: The data used to create the DEM are complete post-processed XYZ bathymetric data points from acoustic interferometric swath and single beam data collected in July 2016 from the nearshore waters surrounding Ship and Horn Islands, GUIS, Mississippi. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: For the IFB: The navigation information was recorded in real-time kinematic mode via the Coda Octopus F190R+ Precision Attitude and Positioning System. Differential GPS correction was obtained through the Marinestar HP broadcast subscription from Fugro, Incorporated. The manufacturer's stated horizontal accuracy is 10 centimeters (cm) 95% of the time. The trackline position data were recorded using HYPACK version 16.1.1.0 hydrographic acquisition and processing software. For the SBB: All static GPS base station sessions were run through the On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The base location results from OPUS were entered into a spreadsheet to compute one final coordinate and error analysis for that base location. Using the OPUS values for each day, and the total time that data were collected each day, the average daily weighted value of occupation time was calculated; longer occupation times held more value than shorter times. The final value for latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid was the weighted average of all the GPS sessions processed with OPUS. This value was entered in GrafNav version 8.6 as the base station coordinates. Error was calculated using daily outputs from OPUS and was calculated as the absolute value of the final value minus the daily value. The maximum horizontal error of the base station coordinates used for post-processing the single beam bathymetry was 0.00026 decimal seconds latitude and 0.00049 decimal seconds longitude for USACE benchmark 202Q, 0.00038 decimal seconds latitude and 0.00033 decimal seconds longitude for SPCMSC benchmark WHRN. The published coordinates were used for the Ship Island benchmark PID BBCL83(4756 F 2011), and the reported error is 0.013 meters latitude and 0.012 longitude. Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.00038 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: The maximum error for base stations 202Q, WHRN, and BBCL83 in latitude decimal seconds Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.00049 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: The maximum error for base stations 202Q, WHRN, and BBCL83 in longitude decimal seconds Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: For the IFB: The manufacturer's stated vertical accuracy of Marinestar GPS subscription is 15 cm, 95% of the time. The Coda Octopus F190R+ inertial measurement unit (IMU), which integrates the Marinestar position with motion, measures vessel velocity (+/- 0.014 meters/second [m/s]), roll and pitch (less than 0.025 degrees), heading (1 m baseline 0.1 degrees), and heave (5 cm per meter (m) of depth). The vertical accuracy for the SWATHplus-H system varies with depth and across track range. The IFB data was transformed three times using VDatum version 3.6. The vertical transformation error reported by VDatum are the following: 1) Transformation from ITRF08 to ITRF00 (equivalent to at the centimeter level WGS84_G1150) is 0.000 m or 0.000 cm for the vertical area named CONUS (Conterminous U.S.). The additional, non-VDatum, reference located at the following link lists transformation from ITRF08 to ITRF00 as -0.01050 m or -1.050 cm (https://confluence.qps.nl/download/attachments/29856813/ITRF_Transformation_Parameters.xlsx); 2) Transformation from ITRF00 to NAD83, NAVD88 with respect to GEOID12B is 0.0762 m or 7.62 cm for the vertical area named GEOID12B, and 3) Transformation from NAD83, NAVD88 with respect to GEOID12B to NAD83, MLLW is 0.163 m or 16.30 cm for the vertical area named LAmobile02-8301. For the SBB: All static base station sessions for 202Q and WHRN were processed through On-Line Positioning User Service (OPUS) maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The base location results from OPUS were entered into a spreadsheet to compute a final, time-weighted positional coordinate (latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height). Base-station positional error for each GPS session was calculated as the absolute value of the final position minus the session position value. SPCMSC standards define the maximum acceptable vertical error for any individual base station GPS session as less than or equal to three times the standard deviation of the ellipsoid height; any occupations exceeding this error are removed and the base station coordinates are recalculated. For 202Q base location, the standard deviation of the ellipsoid height was 0.010 m and the maximum difference from the average ellipsoid for any GPS session was +/- 0.023 m. For WHRN base location, the standard deviation of the ellipsoid height was 0.002 m and the maximum difference from the average ellipsoid for any GPS session was +/- 0.022 m. For 4756 F 2011 base location only one OPUS session was run so the published coordinates were used and reported a vertical error of +/- 0.017 m. The SBB data was transformed from ITRF00 to NAD83, NAVD88 with respect to GEOID12B using VDatum version 3.6. The vertical transformation error reported by VDatum is 0.0762 m or 7.62cm for the vertical area named GEOID12B. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Using Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1, 2016 SBB and IFB XYZ point data (Dewitt and others, 2017) were used to create a TIN surface using the 'Create TIN' tool within the 3D Analyst toolbox. The subaerial extent (shoreline file) of Ship, Horn, and Petit Bois were assigned the regional operational mean high water (MHW) value of 0.23 m (Weber and others, 2005) by soft clipping the TIN to coincident island shoreline shapefile (2015_shoreline_ShipHorn.shp) modified from Guy, 2015 with the elevation value of 0.23 m (Weber and others, 2005). The TIN was also clipped to the outer spatial extent of reliable data coverage of the XYZ dataset. Process_Date: 201707 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Using Esri ArcGIS 10.4.1, The TIN dataset for 2016 was used to create gridded raster surfaces using the 'TIN to Raster' tool within the 3D Analyst toolbox. The raster was interpolated using the nearest neighbor algorithm with a 50 m cell size and the processing extent was a common 50-m snap raster (MS2016_snapraster_50m.tif which is included within this data release) used for the interpolation to ensure the pixel cell center locations of the resulting raster matched other DEM rasters in this data release, allowing for direct comparisons. Process_Date: 201707 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 159 Column_Count: 967 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 50 Ordinate_Resolution: 50 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum 1988 (GEOID12B) Altitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Resource_Description: 2016_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.tif Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF File_Decompression_Technique: ZIP Transfer_Size: 0.276 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7028QFV/data/2016_MS_NAD83NAVD88g12B_50m.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20190415 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Noreen A. Buster Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nbuster@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: none Metadata_Security_Classification: unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: none