Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Caitlin E. Reynolds Publication_Date: 20230911 Title: Globorotalia truncatulinoides Sediment Trap Data in the Gulf of Mexico Edition: 2.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Caitlin E. Reynolds Originator: Julie N. Richey Originator: Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher Originator: Brad E. Rosenheim Originator: Howard J. Spero Publication_Date: 20180406 Title: Globorotalia truncatulinoides Sediment Trap Data in the Gulf of Mexico Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F72806W4 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Other_Citation_Details: 2018a Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F72806W4 Description: Abstract: Modern observations of planktic foraminifera from sediment trap studies help to constrain the regional ecology of paleoceanographically valuable species. Results from a weekly-resolved sediment trap time series (2008–2014) in the northern Gulf of Mexico demonstrate that 92% of Globorotalia truncatulinoides flux occurs in winter (January, February, and March), and that encrusted and non-encrusted individuals represent calcification in distinct depth habitats. Individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) of G. truncatulinoides tests were used to investigate differences in the elemental Magnesium/Calcium (Mg/Ca) and isotopic composition (δ18O and δ13C) of the encrusted and non-encrusted ontogenetic forms of G. truncatulinoides, and to estimate their calcification depth in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Estimates show that non-encrusted and encrusted G. truncatulinoides have mean calcification depths of 66 ± 9 meters and 393 ± 83 meters, respectively. The Mg/Ca-calcification temperature relationship was validated for G. truncatulinoides and demonstrated that the δ18O and Mg/Ca of the non-encrusted form is a suitable proxy for winter surface mixed layer conditions in the Gulf of Mexico. Care should be taken not to combine encrusted and non-encrusted individuals of G. truncatulinoides for down core paleoceanographic studies. For further information regarding data collection and/or processing methods as well as the associated published manuscript refer to Reynolds and others (2018b). Purpose: This information was used to (1) validate the Mg/Ca-calcification temperature relationship for G. truncatulinoides, (2) demonstrate that the non-encrusted form calcifies in the surface mixed layer, while the crust forms well below the seasonal thermocline, and (3) demonstrate that Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of single foraminifera can be used to yield comparable elemental ratios to that obtained from solution-based analyses. Supplemental_Information: To ensure that USGS-St. Petersburg data management protocols were followed, each survey was assigned the following USGS FANs: 08CEV01–08CEV04, 09CEV01, 09CEV02, 10CEV01, 10CEV04, 11CEV01, 11CEV03, 12CEV01, 12CEV02, 13CEV01, and 13CEV03. Additional survey and data details are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20080118 Ending_Date: 20140525 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.3 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.3 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 27.5 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 27.5 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:bc4eb326-4538-4533-8712-ba3473356680 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: ecology Theme_Keyword: geochemistry Theme_Keyword: protists Theme_Keyword: foraminifera Theme_Keyword: plankton Theme_Keyword: micropaleontology Theme_Keyword: light stable isotope analysis Theme_Keyword: carbon isotope analysis Theme_Keyword: oxygen isotope analysis Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Gulf of Mexico Place_Keyword: Louisiana Access_Constraints: None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be acknowledged as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reynolds, C.E., Richey, J.N., Fehrenbacher, J.S., Rosenheim, B.E., and Spero, H.J. Publication_Date: 20180607 Title: Environmental controls on the geochemistry of Globorotalia truncatulinoides in the Gulf of Mexico—Implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions Series_Information: Series_Name: Marine Micropaleontology Issue_Identification: Volume 142 Other_Citation_Details: 2018b Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.05.006 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Vetter, L., Spero, H. J., Russell, A. D., and Fehrenbacher, J. S. Publication_Date: 2013 Title: LA-ICP-MS depth profiling perspective on cleaning protocols for elemental analyses in planktic foraminifers Series_Information: Series_Name: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Issue_Identification: Volume 14, No. 8 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1002/ggge.20163 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Fehrenbacher, J. S., Spero, H. J., Russell, A. D., Vetter, L., and Eggins, S. Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Optimizing LA-ICP-MS analytical procedures for elemental depth profiling of foraminifera shells Series_Information: Series_Name: Chemical Geology Issue_Identification: Volume 407 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.04.007 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Paton, C., Hellstrom, J., Paul, B., Woodhead, J., and Hergt, J. Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Iolite: Freeware for the visualization and processing of mass spectrometric data Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry Issue_Identification: Volume 26, No. 12 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1039/C1JA10172B Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reynolds, C.E. and Richey, J.N. Publication_Date: 20230731 Title: Gulf of Mexico sediment trap foraminifera data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9O76R8R Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O76R8R Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has either not been conducted or is not applicable. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: 134 encrusted (C) and non-encrusted (NC) G. truncatulinoides specimens were picked based on availability from January 2010 through March 2014. Whole shell G. truncatulinoides were cleaned according to modified procedures for laser ablation (Vetter and others, 2013; Fehrenbacher and others, 2015). Samples were cleaned by ultrasonicating in methanol followed by triple-rinsing in Milli-Q water (18.2 megohmcentimeters [MΩ-cm]). Shells were then oxidatively cleaned at 60° Celsius (C) for 30 minutes in a buffered hydrogen peroxide solution (1:1 mix of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 0.1N sodium hydroxide [NaOH]) to remove remnant organic matter. Finally, the shells were again triple rinsed in Milli-Q water. Once dry, each individual's length was measured across the diameter of the umbilical side, from the tip of the final chamber to the opposite side and weighed on a microbalance. 1 error on length measurements (± 16 micrometers [µm]) and weight measurements (± 0.6 micrograms [µg]) are based on repeated measurements by separate analysts. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was conducted at The University of California, Davis Stable Isotope Laboratory, using Photon Machines 193 nm ArF ultraviolet (UV) excimer laser with an ANU HelEx dual-volume laser ablation cell coupled to an Agilent 7700x quadrupole-ICP-MS. G. truncatulinoides specimens were placed on double sided carbon tape, spiral side up, to ensure a horizontal sampling surface for each chamber. Laser spot size of 44x44 µm in diameter was used with a repetition rate of 6 hertz (Hz) (non-encrusted forms) and 8 Hz (encrusted forms). For the smallest foraminifera, the spot size was decreased to 30x30 µm to ensure ablation within a single chamber. Depth profiles were obtained on each chamber (F through up to F7). If chambers were large enough, up to 3 repeat spot analyses were obtained to assess reproducibility. Masses measured were 24Mg, 25Mg, 27Al, 44Ca, 55Mn, 88Sr, 89Y, and 138Ba. Standard Reference Materials under the National Institute of Standards and Technology (SRM NIST) 610, 612, and 614 glass standards were run before and after each batch of samples as an external standard. An Orbulina universa shell, which is demonstrated to have highly reproducible trace element profiles throughout, was analyzed before and after each run as an internal working standard (7.0 ± 0.7 mmol/mol Mg/Ca, 2σ, Fehrenbacher and others, 2015). Outliers in the Mg/Ca profiles that were greater than ± 6 standard deviations from a 3-point rolling mean were removed from raw LA-ICP-MS signals, then data were reduced using Iolite Software (Paton and others, 2011). Stable isotopes, δ18O and δ13C of calcite (δ18Oc and δ13Cc), were analyzed on individual foraminifera, ranging in weight from 5 to 95 µg, after LA-ICP-MS analyses were completed. Foraminifera were roasted under vacuum at 75°C for 1 hour to eliminate remaining volatile organics from carbon tape. Isotopic analyses were performed at The University of California, Davis Stable Isotope Laboratory, on a Fisons Optima isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The IRMS is calibrated using the NBS-19 standard and has a long-term one sigma precision for carbonates ± 0.04 ‰ and ± 0.05 ‰ for δ13Cc and δ18Oc, respectively. This is based on 110 standards analyzed during the summer 2016. Process_Date: 20160422 Process_Step: Process_Description: Level 5 revision: The G. truncatulinoides raw counts and flux dataset (Raw_Counts_and_Flux_Data.csv) were withdrawn from this data release in September 2023. The sediment trap foraminifera flux data were incorrectly calculated per 0.5 meter-squared area instead of 1 meter-squared in the original version. Corrected data has been provided in a new data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9O76R8R (Reynolds and Richey, 2023). Please refer to that data release and its associated metadata for more information. Process_Date: 20230911 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Isotopes.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) was used to investigate the isotopic composition of the encrusted and non-encrusted ontogenetic forms of G. truncatulinoides collected between October 2009 and May 2014. Values obtained from the measurement of the ratio of stable isotopes oxygen-18 (d18O), oxygen-16 (d16O), carbon-13 (d13C) and carbon-12 (d12C) are included in this table. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Name Attribute_Definition: Sediment Trap Sample identification Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The naming convention used to identify each foraminifera sample is as follows: xx-y-NCz, where xx refers to the Gulf of Mexico sediment trap cruise number; xx is between 6 and 14. The 1- or 2-digit integer, y, represents the sediment trap cup number, values range from 1 to 20. The last value, NCz (NC1–NC8), refers to encrusted (C) G. truncatulinoides or non-encrusted (NC) G. truncatulinoides and its individual foraminifera number (z). Attribute: Attribute_Label: d13C (per mil relative to VPDB) Attribute_Definition: Isotopic signature of 13C:12C, reported in parts per thousand relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -1.11 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.91 Attribute: Attribute_Label: d18O (per mil relative to VPDB) Attribute_Definition: Isotopic signature of 18O:16O, reported in parts per thousand relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -1.13 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.59 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Mg_Ca_Compiled_all.csv Entity_Type_Definition: Individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) was used to investigate the elemental Magnesium/Calcium (Mg/Ca) composition of the encrusted and non-encrusted ontogenetic forms of G. truncatulinoides. Laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS) Mg and Ca values for every measurement on individual foraminifera are included in this comma separated values (CSV) file. Blank cells indicate no Mg ppm (m24), Ca ppm (m44), and Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) data was recorded. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: FAN Attribute_Definition: The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center assigns a unique identifier, known as a field activity number (FAN), to each field survey or cruise. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The naming convention used for each field activity number. Each cruise number (6-14) uses a different FAN number. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Name Attribute_Definition: Unknown Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The naming convention used to identify each foraminifera sample is as follows: xx-y-NCz, where xx refers to the Gulf of Mexico sediment trap cruise number; xx is between 6 and 14. The 1- or 2-digit integer, y, represents the sediment trap cup number, values range from 1 to 20. The last value, NCz (NC1–NC8), refers to encrusted (C) G. truncatulinoides or non-encrusted (NC) G. truncatulinoides and its individual foraminifera number (z). Attribute: Attribute_Label: Chamber Attribute_Definition: Unknown Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The first value (F0) refers to the chamber number (F0-F7) ablated on each individual foraminifera. The second value (IntegrationNo) refers to the automatic naming from the instrumentation output. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Elapsed Time (s) Attribute_Definition: Time in seconds Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 273.256 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mg ppm (m24) Attribute_Definition: Measured Magnesium in parts per million. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 70.36339 Range_Domain_Maximum: 15429.42 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ca ppm (m44) Attribute_Definition: Measured Calcium in part per million. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 182514 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1336423 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: This calculation is based on the following equation Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) =Mg ppm(m24)/Ca ppm(m44)*(40.078/24.305)*1000 Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.300415105 Range_Domain_Maximum: 81.90071251 Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Mg_Ca_Compiled_averages.csv Entity_Type_Definition: This CSV file contains laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS) Mg and Ca values for every measurement averaged for each chamber on the individual foraminifera. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Output Attribute_Definition: Refers to the automatic naming from the instrumentation output. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The first type (Output_1_x) refers to the output file from each spot ablated, the x ranges from 1-207. The second type (G_NIST610_y) refers to a standard that was run before and after all samples, the y values range from 1-4. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Sample Name Attribute_Definition: Sediment trap sample identification. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The naming convention used to identify each foraminifera sample is as follows: xx-yNCz, where xx refers to the Gulf of Mexico sediment trap cruise number; xx is between 6 and 14. The 1- or 2-digit integer, y, represents the sediment trap cup number, values range from 1 to 20. The last value, NCz (NC1–NC4), refers to encrusted (C) G. truncatulinoides or non-encrusted (NC) G. truncatulinoides and its individual foraminifera number (z). There is an automatic instrumentation naming convention from the source file after each sample name, _A.D, _B.D, or _C.D. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Duration(s) Attribute_Definition: Time in seconds (s). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.3071 Range_Domain_Maximum: 273.48 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mg_ppm_m24 Attribute_Definition: Measured Magnesium in parts per million. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 198.4 Range_Domain_Maximum: 5290 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Ca_ppm_m44 Attribute_Definition: Measured Calcium in parts per million. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 366000 Range_Domain_Maximum: 437000 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) Attribute_Definition: This calculation is based on the following equation Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) =Mg ppm(m24)/Ca ppm(m44)*(40.078/24.305)*1000 Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.784541693 Range_Domain_Maximum: 21.53828227 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data et. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Caitlin E. Reynolds Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8046 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: creynods@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Isotopes.csv; Mg_Ca_Compiled_all.csv; Mg_Ca_Compiled_averages.csv Distribution_Liability: Distributor assumes no liability for misuse of data. This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: comma-delimited text Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F72806W4/data/Isotopes.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F72806W4/data/Mg_Ca_Compiled_all.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F72806W4/data/Mg_Ca_Compiled_averages.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the dataset. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20230911 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Caitlin E. Reynolds Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8046 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: creynolds@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998