U.S. Geological Survey
20161215
Shallow ATRIS Seafloor Images - West Turtle Shoal Patch Reef, Rawa PatchReef, Dustan Rocks Patch Reef, and Thor Patch Reef, Florida, 2011
first
remote-sensing image
U.S. Geological Survey Data Release
doi:10.5066/F73N21H0
St. Petersburg, FL
U.S. Geological Survey
http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F73N21H0
Underwater digital images, single-beam bathymetry, and global-positioning system (GPS) data were collected September 29-30, 2011 around Dustan Rocks Patch Reef, Thor Patch Reef, West Turtle Shoal Patch Reef, and Rawa Patch Reef in the Florida Keys. A total of 101,734 images were collected, covering 4672 square meteres (m2) of reef habitat. This data release contains a subset of 1,420 images, organized into four sets: Track1, Track2, Track3, and Track4. These images were used for coral bleaching assessments, contain GPS data and also include additional, survey-specific Exchangable Image File format (EXIF) header information. The data were collected using the USGS shallow Along-Track Reef-Imaging System (sATRIS), a boat-based, pole-mounted sensor package for mapping shallow-water benthic environments. Two other implementations exist: A towed system called Deep ATRIS and a profiling system called Drift ATRIS. All three ATRIS implementations incorporate a digital still camera, a video camera, and an acoustic depth sounder. In this study, sATRIS images were collected at a rate of 10 hertz (Hz), the single-beam depth soundings at 10 Hz, and the GPS data at 1 Hz. The survey was conducted using the USGS research vessel (R/V) Halimeda, running at a nominal speed of 2 knots.
These data were collected to support a collaborative project between the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Costal and Marine Science Center and the Coral Reef Evaluation and Monitoring Project (CREMP) of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute. The purpose of this study, was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Along-Track Reef Imaging System (ATRIS), an automated image-acquisition technology, for assessing a moderate bleaching event that occurred in the summer of 2011 in the Florida Keys. Data obtained from ATRIS were compared to diver-based bleaching assessments conducted contemporaneously by the Florida Reef Resilience Program (FRRP). More than 100,000 images were collected over 2.7 km of transects spanning four patch reefs in a 3-hour period. Corals were assigned to one of four categories: not bleached, pale, partially bleached, and bleached. This dataset was acquired during USGS field activity number 11CRE05, additional survey and data details are available at http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=11CRE05.
ATRIS images are saved in the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format using a quality factor of 1000 (highest quality/minimal compression). Since the camera and depth sounder are co-located, sounding data corresponds to the distance of the camera above the seafloor. Because the camera and depth sounder are separated from the GPS antenna (Ashtech Geodetic IV antenna, Part Number 701975-01) by a fixed distance (521.5 cm), water depth can be estimated from these distance measurements. GPS position, collection date and time, and camera distance-above-seafloor are stored in the EXIF header of each image. Note: the cited cross reference primarily discusses Deep ATRIS, however, the same camera and control software are used for sATRIS. More information on ATRIS can be found in Lidz and Zawada 2013, and Zawada 2003.
20110929
20110930
ground condition
None planned
-81.05149124
-80.93480663
24.7181095
24.67076243
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
USGS Thesaurus
aquatic biology
marine geology
remote sensing
None
sATRIS
shallow Along-Track Reef Imaging System
remote sensing
seafloor imagery
habitat mapping
benthic surveys
digital imagery
shallow-marine habitat mapping
bleaching assessment
coral bleaching
coral reef monitoring
Global Change Master Science Directory
OCEAN > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > BATHYMETRY
OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS
DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
GCMD Instrument
EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS > PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING > PHOTON/OPTICAL DETECTORS > CAMERAS > CAMERAS
Geographic Names Information System
West Turtle Shoal Patch Reef
Rawa Patch Reef
Dustan Rocks Patch Reef
Thor Patch Reef
Florida Keys
Florida
Oregan Geospatial Enterprise Office (GEO) Stratum Keyword
epipelagic
none
2011
None
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
David Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
727 502-8181
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other periods may be inaccurate because of inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Unclassified
Unclassified
None
Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise Service Pack 1; Esri ArcCatalog 10.4.1
Lidz, BH and Zawada DG
2013
Possible Return of Acropora cervicornis at Pulaski Shoal, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida
Journal of Coastal Research
v. 29, p. 256-271
http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00078.1
Zawada D.G.
2003
Image processing of underwater multispectral imagery
IEEE Journal. of Oceanic Engineering
v. 28 (4), p. 583-594
10.1109/JOE.2003.819157
Zawada, D.G., Ruzicka, R., and Colella, M.A.
2015
A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleeching
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
v. 30, p. 39-44
All soundings were collected with an Airmar EchoRange SS510 Smart Sonar Depth Sensor. Manufacturer specifications state a 9° beam angle; a depth reading range of 0.4m to 200m; a depth resolution of 0.01m; a depth precision of 0.25% at full range; and a frequency of 200 kHz.
Data cover area specified for this project without known issues.
Some of the sATRIS images collected during this survey did not have GPS and/or depth sounder data, due to drop-outs or recording errors. Images without GPS data could not be differentially corrected, and no water depths were computed for them, so they were excluded from this data release.
Sub-decimeter in horizontal accuracy.
Typically, sub-decimeter vertical elevation accuracies for these data are based on analysis of survey-line crossings. Vertical accuracies may differ based on the type of terrain and the accuracy of the GPS measurements.
High-resolution, geo-located images of the seafloor were captured between September 29-30, to characterize the seafloor and ground truth benthic habitat mapping efforts. The sATRIS was deployed from the USGS R/V Halimeda following pre-determined survey tracklines. GPS data were simultaneously collected at a fixed land-based location (24° 43' 2.85569", -81° 05' 2.36802") and on the R/V Halimeda during image and bathymetry acquisition using Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receivers. In this study, sATRIS images were collected at a rate of 10 hertz (Hz), the single-beam depth soundings at 10 Hz, and the GPS data at 1 Hz. The GPS data were differentially corrected using GrafNav Version 8.40.5121, converted to the North American Datum of 1983(CORS96) and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the GEOID12A model) using in-house software, and have sub-decimeter accuracy. Please note that these data are not suitable for navigational use, nor for determining absolute elevation measurements.
20111005
BJ Reynolds
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Engineering Technician
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8067
breynolds@usgs.gov
M-F, 8:00-4:00 ET
Raw sATRIS images exhibit barrel distortion due to the wide-angle camera lens. Images were corrected using an in-house image de-warping algorithm (see Zawada, D.G. 2003). These data are stored on hard drives and archived at the U.S. Geological Survey office in St. Petersburg, Florida.
20160808
David Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9-5 ET
Water depths were computed for each sATRIS image with valid, differentially-corrected GPS and depth-sounder data using in-house-developed software. Not all images have valid GPS and/or sounder data. These images could not be differentially-corrected, and no water depths were computed for them. These data are stored on hard drives and archived at the U.S. Geological Survey office in St. Petersburg, Florida.
20111118
Dave Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9-5 ET
Additional Exif headers information was added to images using ExifTool by Phil Harvey (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil.exiftool). A Java program was developed by USGS staff to make the Exif header editing process faster and more automated. The tags we populated in the headers are: Caption, Artist, Credit, Copyright, CopyrightNotice, Comment, Keywords, Contact, Caption-Abstract, GPSLatitude, GPSLatitudeRef, GPSLongitude, GPSLongitudeRef, GPSAltitude, GPSAltitudeRef, SubjectDistance, GPSTimeStamp, GPSDateStamp.
20160825
Dave Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
A Java program was developed to extract only the images that were both used for the coral bleaching assessment, and contained valid GPS and depth data. This subset of images is all that is available in this data release.
20161012
Dave Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
Metadata created in Notepad++
20161027
David Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
Image
Raster
.0000001
.0000001
Decimal degrees
North American Datum of 1983 (CORS96)
Geodetic Reference System 80
6378137.0
298.257222101
North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (GEOID09)
0.20
meters
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Each image EXIF header contains: comment, artist, image description, copyright, credit, contact, keywords, caption, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, GPS latitude reference, GPS longitude reference, water depth (labeled as "GPS altitude"), GPS altitude reference, camera distance-to-seafloor (labeled as "subject distance"), GPS image direction, GPS time stamp, and GPS date stamp.
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 9.4.6.0): exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLongitudeRef -GPSLatitude -GPSLatitudeRef -GPSImageDirection -GPSAltitude -GPSAltitudeRef -n -SubjectDistance -Artist -Credit -Comment -Keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption -Contact -ImageDescription directoryname/*.jpg > out.csv > The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees.
U.S. Geological Survey
David Zawada
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
FRRP2011_ATRIS_track1, FRRP2011_ATRIS_track2, FRRP2011_ATRIS_track3, FRRP2011_ATRIS_track4
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
JPEG
JPEG
1
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F73N21H0/data/FRRP2011_ATRIS_Track1.zip
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F73N21H0/data/FRRP2011_ATRIS_Track2.zip
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F73N21H0/data/FRRP2011_ATRIS_Track3.zip
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F73N21H0/data/FRRP2011_ATRIS_Track4.zip
None
Contact U.S. Geological Survey.
Vary
Contact U.S. Geological Survey for details.
20161215
David Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727 502-8132
dzawada@usgs.gov
M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time