Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Danielle C. Swiderski Originator: Joseph F. Terrano Originator: Kathryn E.L. Smith Publication_Date: 20160908 Title: Historical Shoreline for New Jersey (1971 to 1978): Vector Digital Data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector Digital Data Set (Polyline) Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F76T0JR7 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0JR7 Description: Abstract: New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline (Point Pleasant, NJ to Longport, NJ) from 1971 to 1978. Imagery of the New Jersey coastline was acquired from the New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) as two images: “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” (1971-78) and the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” (1977-78). These images are available as a web mapping service (WMS) through the NJGIN website (https://njgin.state.nj.us/NJ_NJGINExplorer/jviewer.jsp?pg=wms_instruct). To reduce digitizing error, the imagery was acquired on a hard drive from the NJGIN via personal communication. Using ArcMap 10.3.1, the "1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap" was used to delineate and digitize historical foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shoreline positions, with the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” being used to fill in missing shorelines and clarify areas of uncertainty from the 1970s imagery. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment. Purpose: Shoreline data are considered a crucial element in performing change analysis for erosion and accretion studies for tracking shoreline movement over time. Aerial imagery from the NJGIN was used to digitize the New Jersey coastline to document the short- and long-term changes of the selected study area. The digitized shorelines provide an accurate and measurable change in shape, area, and shoreline movement over a short and long period of time. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19710618 Ending_Date: 19780905 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.577325105 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.041075153 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.081196268 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.299815615 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Shoreline data Theme_Keyword: Shoreline map Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: aerial photography Theme_Keyword: digitization Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: boundaries Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Barnegat Bay Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Little Egg Harbor Place_Keyword: Absecon Bay Place_Keyword: Reed Bay Place_Keyword: Great Bay Place_Keyword: USA Place_Keyword: New Jersey Place_Keyword: Manahawkin Bay Place_Keyword: NJ Place_Keyword: Little Bay Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher I Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. Logical_Consistency_Report: Digitized shorelines were checked to ensure they were one continuous line. In areas where the 1970 image was missing and the 1977 image was used the shorelines were not connected and were left “as is”, with some overlap of the shoreline positions to ensure no gaps were present. The remaining shorelines were checked for dangles (or extra line segments), which were removed, when necessary. The shorelines were split into foreshore, backshore, mainland, and islands based on a visual assessment. Small islands and creeks were not digitized as they were not necessary for this study. Larger creeks and rivers were digitized, as needed, to ensure a complete shoreline for later use within shoreline change programs. Completeness_Report: Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has either not been conducted, or is not applicable. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: New Jersey Geographic Information Network Publication_Date: Unknown Title: New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) Web Mapping Service (WMS) Imagery Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster Digital Data (Aerial Imagery) Publication_Information: Publication_Place: New Jersey Publisher: New Jersey Geographic Information Network Online_Linkage: https://njgin.state.nj.us/oit/gis/NJ_NJGINExplorer/wms_instruct.htm Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19710618 Ending_Date: 19780905 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” (1971-78) and “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” (1977-78) Source_Contribution: Imagery provided by the NJGIN on an external hard drive after personal communication. The imagery can also be displayed in ArcGIS through the NJGIN WMS site, at no change. The ArcGIS WMS link for the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap is (http://geodata.state.nj.us/imagerywms/BlackWhite1970?) and the link to the 1977 Tidelands Basemaps is (http://geodata.state.nj.us/imagerywms/1977BlackWhite?). Imagery was used to delineate and digitize shoreline positions. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Office of Information Resources Management (OIRM), Bureau of Geographic Information and Analysis (BGIA) Publication_Date: 19880501 Title: NJDEP Riparian Tidelands Grid for the Atlantic Coast of New Jersey Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Trenton, NJ Publisher: NJDEP Online_Linkage: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/gis/digidownload/zips/statewide/tidegrid.zip Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000 Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160728 Source_Currentness_Reference: Date downloaded Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NJDEP tidelands grid Source_Contribution: The NJDEP tidelands grid was downloaded to help determine shoreline dates associated with each NJGIN aerial image. This grid file is a general representation of imagery tile locations taken over the course of 1970-1979. Based on a visual assessment the tile index could be used to represent both the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap and 1977 Tidelands Basemap. However, the grid did not include any date information, so John Tyrawski with the NJDEP was contacted (see the next cross reference for more information about dates and for contact information). After the missing dates were acquired, these details were joined to the tidelands grid, based on the grid ID number. This updated grid was then used to join the dates to the shoreline file. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) Title: Excel Spreadsheets with dates for “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” and “1977 Tidelands Basemaps”. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: New Jersey Publisher: Unpublished by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. For more information contact John Tyrawski at John.Tyrawski@dep.nj.gov. Other_Citation_Details: These Excel Spreadsheets are unpublished and were obtained from the NJDEP via personal communication. Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160810 Source_Currentness_Reference: Accepted date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: New Jersey imagery dates Source_Contribution: An Excel spreadsheet was provided for both the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap and the 1977 Tidelands Basemap. The Excel spreadsheets contained dates specific to each image tile found within the two mosaics. The dates were needed for use in the shoreline change analysis. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Hapke and others Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia Publisher: U.S Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/ Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20160810 Source_Currentness_Reference: Publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Shoreline position uncertainty Source_Contribution: Report contains values representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the t-sheets, that was used in the shoreline change statistical computations Process_Step: Process_Description: Imagery was acquired from the NJGIN on an external hard drive as individual image tiles and was opened using ArcGIS 10.3.1. The image tiles for each timeframe (1971-78 and 1977-78) were mosaicked into two mosaic datasets using North American Datum of 1983 state plane for New Jersey Federal Information Processing Standard Zone 2900, in feet (NAD_1983_StatePlane_New_Jersey_FIPS_2900_Feet). Process_Date: 20160601 Process_Step: Process_Description: Using the ArcMap 10.3.1 editor toolbar, the foreshore, backshore, mainland and islands were digitized based on a visual assessment of shoreline locations within the imagery, at a scale of 1:1,500. The 1971-78 mosaic imagery was used as the primary source for delineating and digitizing shorelines. If necessary, the 1977-78 mosaic imagery was used to fill in missing areas or justify shoreline positions in areas where it was not apparent in the 1971-77 imagery. The foreshore was digitized using the wet/dry line along the open-ocean facing side of the barrier island as a proxy for mean high water (MHW) shoreline position. The backshore was digitized using the land-water boundary along the estuarine side of the barrier island as a proxy for shoreline position. The mainland was digitized using the land-water boundary between the mainland and estuary as a proxy for shoreline position. Islands were classified as land not connected to the foreshore or backshore of the barrier island or the mainland and were digitized using the land-water boundary as a proxy for shoreline position. For consistency, small islands and creeks were not digitized, since they were not necessary for the shoreline change analysis. In addition, the following fields were added to the shoreline’s attribute table and calculated as necessary: "Shoreline" (Text/25), "Date_" (Text/25), "Year" (Text/10), “Accuracy” (double), and “Notes” (text/254). See the “Entity and Attribute Information” section for additional information. Process_Date: 20160610 Process_Step: Process_Description: Dates were not included in the NJGIN imagery so they were acquired from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) via personal communication, as two Excel spreadsheets. Using the NJDEP tidelands grid (available at http://www.state.nj.us/dep/gis/stateshp.html#TIDEGRID) the Excel spreadsheets were joined to it, based on the grid number. The updated grid, with dates, was then used to split the shorelines into their respective grids and a spatial join was used to add the dates from the grid to the shoreline shapefile. Process_Date: 20160801 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 3136 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.0 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000.0 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.6096 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.6096 Planar_Distance_Units: Meter Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_North_American_1983 Ellipsoid_Name: GRS_1980 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Attribute Table Entity_Type_Definition: Table containing attribute information associated with the data-set. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Producer defined Attribute: Attribute_Label: SHAPE_Leng Attribute_Definition: System-generated attribute field, which was automatically created by ArcGIS to indicate the feature length. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0816635165124 Range_Domain_Maximum: 15900.1912577 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shoreline Attribute_Definition: Shoreline classification used to separate foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shorelines. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Foreshore Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline located on the open-ocean side of the barrier island Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Backshore Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline located on the estuarine side of the barrier island Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain Enumerated_Domain_Value: Mainland Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mainland shoreline Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Island Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Shoreline representing small islands not connected to the foreshore or backshore of the barrier island or the mainland Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Date_ Attribute_Definition: Date imagery was collected for the New Jersey coast using the "MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS" format. Additional information can be found in the "Year" and "Notes" fields. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 06/18/1971 12:00:00 AM Range_Domain_Maximum: 09/05/1978 12:00:00 AM Attribute: Attribute_Label: Year Attribute_Definition: 4-digit year in which the imagery was collected. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1971 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1978 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Year Attribute: Attribute_Label: Accuracy Attribute_Definition: A value representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the imagery type, aerial imagery, which was used in the shoreline change statistical computations reported by Hapke and others (2010). Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 5.5 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Horizontal shoreline position uncertainty, in meters. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute: Attribute_Label: Notes Attribute_Definition: Additional information about the processing steps, such as where the imagery came from and digitizing information. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Additional information about the shoreline data. Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data-set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data-set. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data-set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher I Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@usgs.gov Resource_Description: New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.shp Distribution_Liability: This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ArcGIS Shapefile Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0JR7/data/New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.zip Fees: None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data-set. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20160912 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Joseph F. Terrano Contact_Position: Researcher I Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8047 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8182 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jterrano@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time