Danielle C. Swiderski
Joseph F. Terrano
Kathryn E.L. Smith
20160908
Historical Shoreline for New Jersey (1971 to 1978): Vector Digital Data
Vector Digital Data Set (Polyline)
U.S. Geological Survey Data Release
doi:10.5066/F76T0JR7
St. Petersburg, FL
U.S. Geological Survey
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0JR7
New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline (Point Pleasant, NJ to Longport, NJ) from 1971 to 1978. Imagery of the New Jersey coastline was acquired from the New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) as two images: “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” (1971-78) and the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” (1977-78). These images are available as a web mapping service (WMS) through the NJGIN website (https://njgin.state.nj.us/NJ_NJGINExplorer/jviewer.jsp?pg=wms_instruct). To reduce digitizing error, the imagery was acquired on a hard drive from the NJGIN via personal communication. Using ArcMap 10.3.1, the "1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap" was used to delineate and digitize historical foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shoreline positions, with the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” being used to fill in missing shorelines and clarify areas of uncertainty from the 1970s imagery. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment.
Shoreline data are considered a crucial element in performing change analysis for erosion and accretion studies for tracking shoreline movement over time. Aerial imagery from the NJGIN was used to digitize the New Jersey coastline to document the short- and long-term changes of the selected study area. The digitized shorelines provide an accurate and measurable change in shape, area, and shoreline movement over a short and long period of time.
19710618
19780905
ground condition
As needed
-74.577325105
-74.041075153
40.081196268
39.299815615
None
Shoreline data
Shoreline map
USGS Thesaurus
coastal processes
aerial photography
digitization
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
environment
boundaries
geoscientificInformation
None
Barnegat Bay
Atlantic Ocean
Little Egg Harbor
Absecon Bay
Reed Bay
Great Bay
USA
New Jersey
Manahawkin Bay
NJ
Little Bay
None
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher I
Mailing
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other time periods may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Build 4959) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A)
No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
Digitized shorelines were checked to ensure they were one continuous line. In areas where the 1970 image was missing and the 1977 image was used the shorelines were not connected and were left “as is”, with some overlap of the shoreline positions to ensure no gaps were present. The remaining shorelines were checked for dangles (or extra line segments), which were removed, when necessary. The shorelines were split into foreshore, backshore, mainland, and islands based on a visual assessment. Small islands and creeks were not digitized as they were not necessary for this study. Larger creeks and rivers were digitized, as needed, to ensure a complete shoreline for later use within shoreline change programs.
Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the dataset has not been conducted.
A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has either not been conducted, or is not applicable.
New Jersey Geographic Information Network
Unknown
New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) Web Mapping Service (WMS) Imagery
Raster Digital Data (Aerial Imagery)
New Jersey
New Jersey Geographic Information Network
https://njgin.state.nj.us/oit/gis/NJ_NJGINExplorer/wms_instruct.htm
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
19710618
19780905
ground condition
“1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” (1971-78) and “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” (1977-78)
Imagery provided by the NJGIN on an external hard drive after personal communication. The imagery can also be displayed in ArcGIS through the NJGIN WMS site, at no change. The ArcGIS WMS link for the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap is (http://geodata.state.nj.us/imagerywms/BlackWhite1970?) and the link to the 1977 Tidelands Basemaps is (http://geodata.state.nj.us/imagerywms/1977BlackWhite?). Imagery was used to delineate and digitize shoreline positions.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Office of Information Resources Management (OIRM), Bureau of Geographic Information and Analysis (BGIA)
19880501
NJDEP Riparian Tidelands Grid for the Atlantic Coast of New Jersey
vector digital data
Trenton, NJ
NJDEP
http://www.state.nj.us/dep/gis/digidownload/zips/statewide/tidegrid.zip
24000
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20160728
Date downloaded
NJDEP tidelands grid
The NJDEP tidelands grid was downloaded to help determine shoreline dates associated with each NJGIN aerial image. This grid file is a general representation of imagery tile locations taken over the course of 1970-1979. Based on a visual assessment the tile index could be used to represent both the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap and 1977 Tidelands Basemap. However, the grid did not include any date information, so John Tyrawski with the NJDEP was contacted (see the next cross reference for more information about dates and for contact information). After the missing dates were acquired, these details were joined to the tidelands grid, based on the grid ID number. This updated grid was then used to join the dates to the shoreline file.
New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Excel Spreadsheets with dates for “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” and “1977 Tidelands Basemaps”.
New Jersey
Unpublished by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. For more information contact John Tyrawski at John.Tyrawski@dep.nj.gov.
These Excel Spreadsheets are unpublished and were obtained from the NJDEP via personal communication.
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20160810
Accepted date
New Jersey imagery dates
An Excel spreadsheet was provided for both the 1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap and the 1977 Tidelands Basemap. The Excel spreadsheets contained dates specific to each image tile found within the two mosaics. The dates were needed for use in the shoreline change analysis.
Hapke and others
National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts
Reston, Virginia
U.S Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/
Digital and/or Hardcopy Resources
20160810
Publication date
Shoreline position uncertainty
Report contains values representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the t-sheets, that was used in the shoreline change statistical computations
Imagery was acquired from the NJGIN on an external hard drive as individual image tiles and was opened using ArcGIS 10.3.1. The image tiles for each timeframe (1971-78 and 1977-78) were mosaicked into two mosaic datasets using North American Datum of 1983 state plane for New Jersey Federal Information Processing Standard Zone 2900, in feet (NAD_1983_StatePlane_New_Jersey_FIPS_2900_Feet).
20160601
Using the ArcMap 10.3.1 editor toolbar, the foreshore, backshore, mainland and islands were digitized based on a visual assessment of shoreline locations within the imagery, at a scale of 1:1,500. The 1971-78 mosaic imagery was used as the primary source for delineating and digitizing shorelines. If necessary, the 1977-78 mosaic imagery was used to fill in missing areas or justify shoreline positions in areas where it was not apparent in the 1971-77 imagery. The foreshore was digitized using the wet/dry line along the open-ocean facing side of the barrier island as a proxy for mean high water (MHW) shoreline position. The backshore was digitized using the land-water boundary along the estuarine side of the barrier island as a proxy for shoreline position. The mainland was digitized using the land-water boundary between the mainland and estuary as a proxy for shoreline position. Islands were classified as land not connected to the foreshore or backshore of the barrier island or the mainland and were digitized using the land-water boundary as a proxy for shoreline position. For consistency, small islands and creeks were not digitized, since they were not necessary for the shoreline change analysis. In addition, the following fields were added to the shoreline’s attribute table and calculated as necessary: "Shoreline" (Text/25), "Date_" (Text/25), "Year" (Text/10), “Accuracy” (double), and “Notes” (text/254). See the “Entity and Attribute Information” section for additional information.
20160610
Dates were not included in the NJGIN imagery so they were acquired from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) via personal communication, as two Excel spreadsheets. Using the NJDEP tidelands grid (available at http://www.state.nj.us/dep/gis/stateshp.html#TIDEGRID) the Excel spreadsheets were joined to it, based on the grid number. The updated grid, with dates, was then used to split the shorelines into their respective grids and a spatial join was used to add the dates from the grid to the shoreline shapefile.
20160801
Vector
String
3136
Universal Transverse Mercator
18
0.9996
-75.0
0.0
500000.0
0.0
coordinate pair
0.6096
0.6096
Meter
D_North_American_1983
GRS_1980
6378137.0
298.257222101
Attribute Table
Table containing attribute information associated with the data-set.
Producer defined
SHAPE_Leng
System-generated attribute field, which was automatically created by ArcGIS to indicate the feature length.
Esri
0.0816635165124
15900.1912577
Meters
Shoreline
Shoreline classification used to separate foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shorelines.
USGS
Foreshore
Shoreline located on the open-ocean side of the barrier island
USGS
Backshore
Shoreline located on the estuarine side of the barrier island
USGS
Mainland
Mainland shoreline
USGS
Island
Shoreline representing small islands not connected to the foreshore or backshore of the barrier island or the mainland
USGS
Date_
Date imagery was collected for the New Jersey coast using the "MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM:SS" format. Additional information can be found in the "Year" and "Notes" fields.
USGS
06/18/1971 12:00:00 AM
09/05/1978 12:00:00 AM
Year
4-digit year in which the imagery was collected.
USGS
1971
1978
Year
Accuracy
A value representing the shoreline position uncertainty associated with the imagery type, aerial imagery, which was used in the shoreline change statistical computations reported by Hapke and others (2010).
USGS
5.5
Horizontal shoreline position uncertainty, in meters.
USGS
Notes
Additional information about the processing steps, such as where the imagery came from and digitizing information.
USGS
Additional information about the shoreline data.
The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the data-set. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the data-set.
The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the data-set. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher I
Mailing
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.shp
This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
ArcGIS Shapefile
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F76T0JR7/data/New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.zip
None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data-set.
20160912
U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center
Joseph F. Terrano
Researcher I
Mailing
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
727-502-8047
727-502-8182
jterrano@usgs.gov
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time