Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Science Center Publication_Date: 20170812 Title: Beach Topography—Fire Island, New York, Pre-Hurricane Sandy, January 2012: Ground Based Lidar (1-Meter Digital Elevation Model) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N29VV5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N29VV5 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility (USACE-FRF) of Duck, North Carolina collaborated to gather alongshore ground-based lidar beach topography at Fire Island, New York. This high-resolution, elevation dataset was collected on January 30, 2012, and was funded by SPCMSC. The USGS data release containing the aforementioned dataset includes the resulting, processed elevation point data (XYZ) and an interpolated digital elevation model (DEM). Purpose: To collect, process, and disseminate beach topography along 31 kilometers (km) of Fire Island, NY beach, stretching from the eastern boundary of Robert Moses State Park to the Otis Pike Wilderness Area near Hospital Island. The eastern terminus of this survey is approximately 1.25 km east of the Wilderness Breach that opened during Hurricane Sandy in October 2012, and approximately 1.5 km west of the Fire Island Wilderness Visitor Center. The USACE-FRF team acquired and performed initial processing of the high-resolution lidar data, which is only one component of a larger dataset collected using the CLARIS platform. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20120130 Currentness_Reference: ground elevation Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.22699289 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.88229587 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.73271509 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.62213367 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: hazards Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: topography Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: elevation data Theme_Keyword: ground-based lidar Theme_Keyword: CLARIS Theme_Keyword: Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD) Theme_Keyword: LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS Theme_Keyword: OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES Theme_Keyword: DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: Fire Island Place_Keyword: Fire Island National Seashore Place_Keyword: Long Island Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: United States Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2012 Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center as the originator of these data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Cheryl J. Hapke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701-4846 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8068 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: chapke@usgs.gov Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Nicholas J. Spore Originator: Katherine L. Brodie Originator: Jesse E. McNinch Publication_Date: 20170812 Title: Ground-based lidar beach topography of Fire Island, New York, January 2012 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7N29VV5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N29VV5 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Nicholas J Spore Originator: Katherine L. Brodie Originator: Jesse E. McNinch Publication_Date: 20150226 Title: Ground-based lidar beach topography of Fire Island, New York, April 2013 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 921 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds921 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Nicholas J. Spore Originator: Katherine L. Brodie Originator: Jesse E. McNinch Publication_Date: 20150916 Title: Ground-Based Lidar Beach Topography of Fire Island, New York, April 2014 Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F77H1GNN Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F77H1GNN Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Areas of data overlap were initially compared against each other to measure repeatability. Depending on the distance from the base station, which was an Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receiver at temporary benchmark installed on a U.S. Coast Guard: Fire Island Inlet Station, the accuracy of the scans varied from 5 to 15 centimeters (cm). The fixed structures (for example, houses, rooflines, or decks) were used to measure repeatability and the base station benchmark was used to measure accuracy. Previous airborne lidar from a 2011-2012 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) survey was also used as an alternative fixed structure comparison. Repeatability: 5-15 cm Accuracy: 5-10 cm Logical_Consistency_Report: Lidar beach morphology data were collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE) Coastal Lidar and Radar Imaging System (CLARIS) vehicle on January 30, 2012. For data collection and processing methods, refer to Brenner and others, 2015. The survey vehicle traveled approximately 5 kilometers per hour (km/h) along two 31 km shore parallel transits; the first transit surveyed the seaward side of the dune and upper beach while the second transit surveyed the area near the shoreline and lower beach. The survey was designed to provide a significant overlap area of data coverage, which is used to verify system accuracy and assess survey precision. Completeness_Report: This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 10 cm Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 10 cm Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: USACE-FRF Processing - Data for the survey extents was collected along with a boresight to resolve subtle differences between the scanner and the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). After collection, the data were post-processed using multiple software packages to produce the final digital elevation model product. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: Terrestrial global position system (GPS) data were post-processed with National Geodetic Survey's Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) and integrated with post-processed IMU data through Applanix's POSPac global navigation satellite system (GNSS) software to derive a smoothed, best estimate of trajectory (SBET). After processing, quantitative quality-metrics were analyzed to ensure the trajectory accuracy met the manufacturer's specified values. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: The SBET is imported into Riegl's RiProcess lidar software, where the lidar point cloud is rectified and geo-registered to a particular coordinate system, projection, and geoid model as well as applying boresight values for roll, pitch and yaw. Control monuments and previously validated datasets were used for comparison to determine the accuracy of the survey. These were measured by cutting cross-sections of the current survey overlayed on previously validated data within the software through stable structures such as houses, monuments, and road centerlines. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: The processed point cloud was manipulated within RiProcess to delineate the shoreline, filter structures and vegetation, and classify points as water, vegetation, structures, and ground. The classified point cloud was exported as a .las (1.1) file. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: The .las file was imported into Applied Imagery's QTModeler software where a mean-z (elevation) algorithm was applied to the point cloud data to grid the data at 0.5-meter resolution. Anti-aliasing was also applied to increase the precision of the triangulation by subdividing each grid cell into 16 equal segments and recording which segment contained the point that was used to represent the elevation value of the grid cell. When triangulation occurs, this increased level of precision will enhance the accuracy of the triangles and the subsequent sampling that occurs. The sub-grid was not retained after the model was created. During the model triangulation, any grid cells with no data were assigned a value of "null" - for example, no data exists. After gridding was completed, XYZ point data were exported as a space delimitated .txt file, projected in the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) UTM Zone 18N (North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD88] GEOID12B meters). Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) - Coastal Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) - Coastal Observation and Analysis Branch (COAB) Contact_Person: Nick Spore Contact_Position: Research Civil Engineer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USACE-CEERD-HF-A, Field Research Facility Address: 1261 Duck Road City: Kitty Hawk State_or_Province: NC Postal_Code: 27949 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 252-261-6840 ext: 231 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 252-261-4432 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nicholas.j.spore@usace.army.mil Contact_Instructions: http://www.frf.usace.army.mil Process_Step: Process_Description: SPCMSC Processing - The XYZ .txt file was converted to an ArcGIS multipoint feature using the 'Create Feature Class from XYZ Table’ tool within ArcCatalog 10.2.2. The output feature class was assigned as NAD83 UTM Zone 18N, NAVD88 GEOID12B. XYZ point features are [0]QA/QC’ed to remove any outlier points. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701-4846 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: An ArcGIS (version 10.2.2) Digital Terrain Model was built from the XYZ feature class using the 'Create Terrain' tool. A 1-meter (m) raster grid was created from the terrain surface using the 'Terrain to Raster' tool. Process_Date: 2017 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: U.S. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: point Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 11643 Column_Count: 28890 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum 1988 GEOID12B Altitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 20120130_CLARIS_DEM.tif Entity_Type_Definition: Elevation DEM Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Elevation DEM raster created using a 1-m cell size. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Beach topography DEM for Fire Island, NY, created from data collected during a ground-based lidar survey on January 30, 2012. DEM raster was interpolated from ArcGIS terrain file using linear interpolation and 1-meter cell size. XY location data is projected in NAD83 UTM Zone 18N and corresponding vertical value is in NAVD88. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Contact_Person: Cheryl J. Hapke Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8068 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Resource_Description: 20120130_CLARIS_DEM.tif Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF and Esri World File Format_Version_Number: 10.2.2 Format_Specification: TIFF elevation raster Format_Information_Content: 7-zip file containing .tif DEM and .twf File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or 7-Zip Transfer_Size: 6.3 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7N29VV5/data/20120130_CLARIS_DEM.zip Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20190320 Metadata_Review_Date: 20170810 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Contact_Person: Owen Brenner Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: Florida Postal_Code: 33701 Country: U.S. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727-502-8085 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727-502-8001 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: obrenner@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998