Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Arnell S. Forde Originator: Nancy T. DeWitt Originator: Jake J. Fredericks Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 20190226 Title: Archive of Chirp Subbottom Profile Data Collected in June 2018 From Fire Island, New York Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9Q8TVHH Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q8TVHH Description: Abstract: Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a long-term, coastal morphologic-change study at Fire Island, New York, prior to and after Hurricane Sandy impacted the area in October 2012. The Fire Island Coastal System Change project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/fire-island/) objectives include understanding the morphologic evolution of the barrier island system on a variety of time scales (months to centuries) and resolving storm-related impacts, post-storm beach response, and recovery. From June 2-16, 2018, scientists from the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted geophysical surveys on Fire Island to characterize and quantify spatial variability in the subaerial geology with the goal of subsequently integrating onshore geology with other surf zone and nearshore datasets. This publication serves as an archive of high-resolution subbottom profile images, survey trackline map, navigation files, geographic information system (GIS) data, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata. Additionally, in April 2016, geophysical and sediment sampling data were collected as part of the Fire Island project. The ground penetrating radar and vibracore datasets are available from Forde and others, 2018; Buster and others, 2018; and Bernier and others, 2018. Purpose: To archive all digital chirp subbottom profile data and associated files collected during Field Activity Number 2018-322-FA. Additional survey and data details are available from the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System (CMGDS) at, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-322-FA. Supplemental_Information: Chirp systems use a signal of continuously varying frequency; the system used during this survey produces high-resolution, shallow-penetration (typically less than 75-milliseconds [ms]) profile images of sub-seafloor stratigraphy. The towfish contains a transducer that transmits and receives acoustic energy and is typically towed 1-2 meters (m) below the sea's surface. As transmitted acoustic energy intersects density boundaries, such as the seafloor or sub-surface sediment layers, energy is reflected toward the transducer, received, and recorded by a PC-based seismic acquisition system. This process is repeated at regular intervals (for example, 0.125 seconds [s]) and returned energy is recorded for a specific duration (for example, 50 ms). In this way, a two-dimensional (2D) vertical image of the shallow geologic structure beneath the towfish is produced. The seismic source utilized during 2018-322-FA consisted of an EdgeTech SB-512i towfish running Discover version 4.09 acquisition software, towed by the research vessel (R/V) Sallenger, approximately 20 m behind the global positioning system (GPS) reference point. The data were acquired using a frequency sweep between 0.5 and 12 kilohertz (kHz), a 43 kHz sample frequency, and recording length was approximately 66.5 ms. Based on survey speeds of 3.5-4.5 knots, the shot spacing was approximately 0.450 m. The printable profiles provided are chirp subbottom profile images that were processed using Seismic Unix (SU) software. Survey Field Activity Collection System (FACS) and geophysical logs are also provided as supplemental information in the download file, 2018-322-FA_logs.zip. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20180602 Ending_Date: 20180616 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.323953 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.858925 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.729458 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.607681 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sub-bottom profiling Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: geology Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning Theme_Keyword: distributions Theme_Keyword: physical habitats and geomorphology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords Theme_Keyword: seismic reflection profiling Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Seismic reflection Theme_Keyword: Chirp Theme_Keyword: Society of Exploration Geophysicists Theme_Keyword: SEG Y Theme_Keyword: Barrier Island Mapping Theme_Keyword: 2018-322-FA Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: New York Place_Keyword: Fire Island Place_Keyword: Fire Island National Seashore Place_Keyword: Wilderness Breach Place_Keyword: Robert Moses Park Access_Constraints: None. These data are held in the public domain. Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: Saint Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Data_Set_Credit: Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. The authors thank Andy Farmer of Cherokee Nation Technologies and Anastasios Stathakopoulos of the USGS for their assistance in data collection and piloting the R/V Sallenger. This document was improved by scientific and metadata reviews from Stephen Bosse and Chelsea Stalk of Cherokee Nation Technologies. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) ArcGIS 10.3.1.4959 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Cohen, J.K., and Stockwell, J.W., Jr., CWP/SU Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Seismic Un*x Release No. 44: An open source software package for seismic research and processing Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Golden, Colorado Publisher: Center for Wave Phenomena, Colorado School of Mines Online_Linkage: https://github.com/JohnWStockwellJr/SeisUnix Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Arnell S. Forde Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 20180210 Title: Archive of Ground Penetrating Radar and Differential Global Positioning System Data Collected in April 2016 from Fire Island, New York Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/F7P84B1P Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, Florida Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P84B1P Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Arnell S. Forde Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 20180210 Title: Ground Penetrating Radar and Differential Global Positioning System Data Collected in April 2016 from Fire Island, New York Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: 1078 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1078 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Thomas M. Tuten Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Sediment Data from Vibracores Collected in 2016 from Fire Island, New York Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Issue_Identification: DS 1100 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: St. Petersburg, FL Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1100 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Julie C. Bernier Originator: Noreen A. Buster Originator: Owen T. Brenner Originator: Kyle W. Kelso Originator: Thomas M. Tuten Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Archive of Sediment Data from Vibracores Collected in 2016 from Fire Island, New York Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Multimedia presentation Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7FN15GX Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The validity or accuracy of marine subbottom profiles is highly qualitative and dependent on equipment and operating condition variables. Survey lines collected on the first survey day, day of year (DOY) 153, used a frequency sweep of 0.5-6 KHz; however, 0.7-12 KHz was used for all other survey days (DOY 157-160). During the initial chirp data processing, visual inspection of the images rendered from the seismic data (excluding DOY 153 subbottom profiles) showed the presence of an anomaly at approximately 10 ms (two-way travel time [TWT]) on each profile. The preceding issue was resolved during post-processing, the data were re-checked for quality assurance/quality control compliance, and the corrected profile images were included in the data release. Logical_Consistency_Report: These datasets are from one field activity with consistent instrument calibrations. Completeness_Report: A total of 115 seismic lines were collected during this survey. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: An Ashtech Proflex 800 GPS receiver was used to collect position information. The manufacturer's stated accuracy for positioning when utilizing a differential global positioning system (DGPS) is 0.5–2 m. To ensure consistent spacing between survey lines (for example, 5 m in the nearshore and 10 m for offshore lines), pre-determined trackline locations were imported into HYPACK 2018 navigation software and followed during seismic data collection. Positions from the DGPS were recorded and written to seismic trace headers in latitude and longitude coordinates (World Geodetic System of 1984, WGS84, realization G1762) every 1 second (s). The approximate 20-m offset between the chirp shot and ship's GPS reference point was not accounted for during acquisition, nor have the ASCII navigation files and trackline map been corrected to reflect the offset. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: These data are not to be used for bathymetry. TWT times shown on the printable profile images are relative to the chirp towfish position, not to the sea surface. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Chirp acquisition and processing - USGS scientists created a purpose-built, towed sled system to mount the 512i chirp profiler (just below the water's surface) and enable launching and recovery from the beach. The seismic sled was also configured to help ensure the quality of data collected in exceedingly shallow water depths, such as those observed near the shoreline and surf zone. The SEG Y data were processed with SU (Release 44) software to produce gained Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) images of the subbottom profiles included in this data release. A representative chirp data processing sequence consisted of (1) applying a 3000-4000-10,000-12,000 bandpass filter to the analytic data to remove noise from the raw data, prior to creating the envelope seismic data file; corrected files included in this publication have "_env_bp" appended to the line name (2) removing navigation data for each shot and converting the SEG Y file to SU format, (3) applying automatic gain control, (4) generating a PostScript image of the traces, and (4) converting the PostScript image to a GIF image. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: SEG Y Process_Date: 20181113 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: SEG Y.gif Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Navigation processing: Location data were extracted from the SEG Y headers using Seismic Unix software and output as ASCII text files; PROJ.5.1.0 (https://proj4.org/) software was used to project WGS84 latitude and longitude coordinates to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) northings and eastings (WGS84, Zone 18, meters). Raw navigation files for each seismic line, saved by line number, were concatenated into comma-delimited text files for use with Esri ArcGIS software. The final output files are as follows: (1) 2018-322-FA.txt contains unique shotpoint positions (along each line) for the entire survey, (2) s2018-322-FA.txt includes the 1,000-shot-interval locations that were generated to correlate shot locations on the trackline map with evenly spaced 1,000-shot index markers along the top of the printable profile images, and (3) 2018-322-FA_s has the start-of-line locations for each trackline. The concatenated, comma-delimited text files were later imported into ArcGIS and saved as either a point or polyline file (in Esri's shapefile format) for use in the map document (.mxd) included in this archive. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: *_env_bp.txt Process_Date: 20181113 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA.txt Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: s2018-322-FA.txt Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA_s.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Trackline map creation: 2018-322-FA_location.mxd was created with Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1 software. The survey navigation file, 2018-322-FA.txt, was imported into ArcMap 10.3.1 and processed using the ArcScript "Points to Lines" to create a line shapefile of the cruise tracklines called 2018-322-FA_trkln. The 1,000-shot-interval file and the start-of-line file were imported into ArcMap and saved as point shapefiles 2018-322-FA_shots and 2018-322-FA_sol, respectively. A non-proprietary version of the survey tracklines was created using the "Layer to KML" tool within ArcToolbox and output in keyhole markup language (kml) format. The ArcGIS files included in this release are unprojected (geographic coordinates, WGS84). Please refer to the individual shapefile metadata and readme file, included in 2018-322-FA_arc.zip, for detailed information about the geospatial files provided in this data release. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA.txt Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: s2018-322-FA.txt Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA_s.txt Process_Date: 2017 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA_trkln.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA_shots.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA_sol.shp Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2018-322-FA.kml Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197884765 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0227336944 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System of 1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: 2018-322-FA.txt, s2018-322-FA.txt, 2018-322-FA_s.txt Entity_Type_Definition: Survey shotpoint navigation files in ASCII text format. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: SEG Y headers, https://seg.org/Publications/tech-stand. Attribute: Attribute_Label: UTMX Attribute_Definition: UTM-X coordinate (Zone 18) Attribute_Definition_Source: Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 641742.084 Range_Domain_Maximum: 680861.002 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: UTMY Attribute_Definition: UTM-Y coordinate (Zone 18) Attribute_Definition_Source: Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 4496740.789 Range_Domain_Maximum: 4510905.548 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: Line Attribute_Definition: Trackline number Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: The naming convention used for each subbottom line is as follows: x_env_bp, where 'x' is a 1- or 2-digit number representing a specific trackline and '_env_bp' means that the seismic data were bandpass filtered then output as envelope data files. If recording was prematurely terminated, reran for quality or acquisition problems, or exceeded the file size limit/maximum shotpoint number (as determined by the acquisition software, Discover v. 4.09) the filename was appended with sequentially increasing numbers such as .001, .002, etc. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shot Attribute_Definition: Shotpoint number Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 1 Range_Domain_Maximum: 27566 Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lon Attribute_Definition: Longitude (decimal degrees) Attribute_Definition_Source: World Geodetic System of 1984 Geographic Coordinate System Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -73.323953 Range_Domain_Maximum: -72.858925 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: Lat Attribute_Definition: Latitude (decimal degrees) Attribute_Definition_Source: World Geodetic System of 1984 Geographic Coordinate System Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 40.607681 Range_Domain_Maximum: 40.729458 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: YEAR Attribute_Definition: Year Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 2018 Range_Domain_Maximum: 2018 Attribute: Attribute_Label: DOY:HR:MIN:SEC Attribute_Definition: Day of year:hour:minute:second Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Day of year, hour, minute and second of data acquisition Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Graphic image file: Printable versions of the processed subbottom profiles are available as GIF images and are included in the download file, 2018-322-FA_seisimag.zip. Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Navigation file: Navigation files are available as ASCII text files. Provided are raw shotpoint navigation files, reprojected survey shotpoint navigation, 1,000-shot-interval locations, and start of line files. The final navigation files are provided in 2018-322-FA_nav.zip. Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: GIS file: The GIS data associated with this survey are provided as a compressed zip file, 2018-322-FA_arc.zip, which is composed of an Esri map document, shapefiles, a folder containing the processed profile images, shapefile metadata for each GIS file and a readme document. The shapefiles provided may also be viewed using other versions of Esri desktop software including their free software Explorer for ArcGIS, which is available at http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/explorer/index.html. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The SEG Y files included in this data release are also downloadable from the Coastal and Marine Geoscience Data System https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov. Distribution_Liability: This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ASCII File_Decompression_Technique: Winzip or 7zip Transfer_Size: 8.38 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9Q8TVHH/data/2018-322-FA_nav.zip Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP (Esri shapefile) File_Decompression_Technique: Winzip or 7zip Transfer_Size: 55.8 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9Q8TVHH/data/2018-322-FA_arc.zip Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GIF File_Decompression_Technique: Winzip or 7zip Transfer_Size: 51.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P9Q8TVHH/data/2018-322-FA_seisimag Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: Use of SEG Y data requires specialized seismic processing software, such as public domain software Seismic Unix. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20190225 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Arnell S. Forde Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 600 4th Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (727) 502-8000 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aforde@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998